This lesson covers two main topics in Bash scripting: conditional execution and loops

Conditional Execution:
	    if...then Statement: This is the basic conditional construct. It runs a set of commands if a test command succeeds
	                         (returns an exit status of 0). The syntax is if TEST-COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; fi.
	    if...then...else Statement: This adds an else block that executes if the original condition tests false.
	    Nested if Statements: The lesson also shows how to nest if statements inside one another.
	    [[...]] Construct: The document recommends using the [[...]] construct for tests, as it is more versatile than the single-bracket [...].
	    It prevents many logic errors and properly handles operators like && and ||.

Operators: The lesson lists several types of operators for use in conditions:
	   Relational (Numeric): Includes -gt (greater than), -lt (less than), -eq (equal), -ne (not equal), -ge (greater or equal), and -le (less or equal).
	   Boolean: && (and), || (or), and ! (not).
	   File: Includes -e (checks if file exists) and -x (checks if file is executable)

Loops:
	for Loop: Iterates over a given set of words or items. The lesson shows examples for iterating over files ,
	number sequences (e.g., {1..25}) , and C-style counting loops (e.g., for (( i=1; i<=25; i++)) ).
	while Loop: Executes one or more commands while a specified condition remains true.

	Loop control: break: This statement is used to exit the current loop completely, before it finishes its natural cycle.
	                     Using break 2 can exit from an inner loop and its parent (outer) loop.
		      continue: This statement stops the current iteration and jumps immediately to the next iteration of the loop.

        Looping Through Arrays: The lesson concludes by showing how to loop through an array's elements using "${myArray[@]}" or its indices using "${!myArray[@]}"