588SM - Biofisica Sperimentale 2021
Schema della sezione
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Cell Mechanics / Meccanobiologia Cellulare
1. Introduction
•The cell as the basic unit of life, components and structure of a cell
•The importance of cell mechanics and mechanotransduction
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Cell Mechanics / Meccanobiologia Cellulare
2. Physical Principles
2.1. Forces at molecular and cell level
•Physical forces and their magnitudes at the single-molecule level•Modeling complex mechanical devices as protein machines by using three elements:Case study: Mass, Stiffness and Damping of Proteins -
Cell Mechanics / Meccanobiologia cellulare
2. Physical Principles
2.2. Thermal forces, diffusion, and chemical forces
•Boltzmann’s law and the Principle of Equipartition of Energy
•Diffusion equation - Einstein relation – Stokes law
•Autocorrelation function and Power Spectrum
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Cell Mechanics / Meccanobiologia cellulare
2. Physical Principles
2.2. Thermal forces, diffusion, and chemical forces
• The effect of force o the equilibria and rate of chemical reactions
• Examples of the use of mechanical force in single molecule experiments - unbinding ligand-receptor, unfolding protein
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-Optical trapping and manipulation principles: an homage to Arthur Ashkin
- Examples of OT applications in biophysics
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3.1. Motor proteins
3.1.1.Motor proteins classification
3.1.2. Actin- and microtubule- based motor proteins.
3.1.3. Force generation by Motor Proteins
3.1.4. Motor proteins and cellular functions
3.1.5. Muscle contraction
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3.2. Cytoskeleton structure and Force generation by the cytoskeleton.
• Cytoskeleton filaments: types, structure, localization and function• Cytoskeleton filaments polymerization and depolymerization.• Forces generated by polymerization / depolymerization• Cell motility induced by cytoskeleton filaments, examples. -
4. Experimental techniques to study cell mechanics and mechanotransduction
- What is mechanosignaling and what types of forces do cells encounter ?
- Examples of mechanotransduction and experimental techniques: magnetic tweezers, acoustic tweezers, pipette aspiration, traction force microscopy, optical stretcher, optical tweezers
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Super resolution optical microscopy or Optical Nanoscopy
- STED - Stimulated Emission Depletion
- PALM - Photo Activated Localization Microscopy
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