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  • Lezione 7 (Organic Chemistry - Paolo Tecilla)
    • Aromatic Compounds: Overview
    • Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with a Single Substituent
    • Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with Multiple Substituents
    • Structure of Benzene: Kekulé Model
    • Structure of Benzene: Molecular Orbital Model
    • Criteria for Aromaticity and the Hückel 4n + 2 Rule
    • Hückel's Rule Diagram of π MOs: Frost Circle
    • Frost Circles for Different Conjugated Systems
    • Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview
    • Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview
    • Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview
    • NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds
    • NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives
    • Reactions at the Benzylic Position: Oxidation and Reduction
    • Reactions at the Benzylic Position: Halogenation
    • Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Overview
    • Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Chlorination and Bromination of Benzene
    • Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene
    • Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene
    • Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene
    • Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Friedel–Crafts Alkylation of Benzene
    • Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Friedel–Crafts Acylation of Benzene
    • Limitations of Friedel–Crafts Reactions
    • Directing Effect of Substituents: ortho–para-Directing Groups
    • Directing Effect of Substituents: meta-Directing Groups
    • ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH₃, –OH, –⁠NH₂, –OCH₃
    • ortho–para-Directing Deactivators: Halogens
    • meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO₂, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO₂R, –COR, –CO₂H
    • Directing and Steric Effects in Disubstituted Benzene Derivatives
    • Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Addition–Elimination (S_NAr)
    • Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition
    • Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Aryldiazonium Salts: Aromatic S_N1
    • Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation
    • Benzene to 1,4-Cyclohexadiene: Birch Reduction Mechanism
    • Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process
    • Benzene to Phenol via Cumene: Hock Process
    • Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

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